According Art. 97 (2) of the PSD2, the SCA of an electronic “remote” payment transactions should include “elements which dynamically link the transaction to a specific amount and a specific payee”. According to Art. 4 (6) of the PSD2 a ’remote payment transaction’ is defined as “a payment transaction initiated via internet or through a device that can be used for distance communication.” Based on this PSD2-definition of a remote payment transaction every contactless card transaction (e.g. via NFC technology) and every payment transaction initiated by a mobile phone could be considered as a remote payment. This is obviously not the interpretation by the EBA. According SCA exemptions in EBA´s final draft of November 2017, contactless payments at point of sale (Art. 11) and at unattended terminals for transport fares and parking fees (Art. 12) are considered as non-remote payment transactions, whether or not they are based on mobile phone. This finding results in the question whether a “point of sale” according Art. 11 (of Regulation EU 2018/389) is referring to physical terminals (as payment device of the payee) only (like “terminals” in Art 12) or not? Are contactless payments outside a physical POS environment included? What about contactless payments using two mobiles phones or other devices in a P2P constellation without sales? Contactless payments are not defined - neither in the PSD2 nor in the EBA documents. Recital 96 of the PSD2 stated: “Payment services offered via internet or via other at-distance channels, the functioning of which does not depend on where the device used to initiate the payment transaction or the payment instrument used are physically located, should therefore include the authentication of transactions through dynamic codes.” For a non-remote payment transaction, which SCA doesn´t require a dynamic linking, the requirement of the physical presence of the device or payment instrument of the payer (card, mobile phone, wearable) at the physical point-of-sale seems to be essential. Are the physical presence and the involvement of the device of the payee (merchant) also required in case of a non-remote transaction? Is a mobile payment in a cashierless store based on “just walk out” technology (like in the Amazon Go stores) a remote transaction, even when the physical presence of the mobile phone is necessary for registration of the payer (login) and the articles bought?